Back

Materials Science

The latest Big Ideas Lab episode examines the how the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory-managed High-Performance Computing for Energy Innovation program is translating advanced computing into measurable impact for U.S. industry and expanding what’s possible for American manufacturing, Listen on Apple or Spotify.

Big Ideas Lab explores how HPC for Energy Innovation advances U.S. industry

Some of the toughest challenges in American manufacturing are being solved without ever stepping onto a factory floor. Inside supercomputers, scientists are modeling systems too complex, costly or time-consuming to test in the real world. In the latest episode of the Big Ideas Lab podcast, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) spotlights the High-Performance…

Big Ideas Lab energetic materials podcast graphic

Big Ideas Lab podcast explores energetic materials and the science behind explosive performance

In less than a millionth of a second, a high explosive can release its energy, generating pressures and temperatures that push materials to their limits. At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), scientists in the Energetic Materials Center (EMC) study these extreme conditions using experiments, computation and specialized facilities. The latest episode of the Big…

A grain boundary defect with two phases (green and orange) in a tungsten crystal (blue) at 1848 degrees Kelvin. A new model gradually adds and removes atoms to calculate material structure and properties that were previously impossible to obtain. (Graphic: Dan Herchek)

Allowing atoms to come and go opens the door to better materials modeling

Most materials, especially metals and ceramics, are crystals. Their atoms are arranged in three-dimensional lattices that repeat the same exact pattern, over and over again. But there’s a well-known saying in materials science: “Crystals are like people. It is the defects that tend to make them interesting.” In a new study, published in Physical Review Letters, researchers…

The 2026 DMTS cohort is pictured here

LLNL honors 36 as 2026 Distinguished Members of Technical Staff

Thirty-six Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers have been named Distinguished Members of Technical Staff (DMTS) in recognition of their extraordinary scientific and technical contributions, as affirmed by their professional peers and the broader scientific community. As distinguished citizens of the Laboratory and their respective fields, DMTS honorees…

In a pioneering partnership to accelerate materials discovery with AI, researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Meta have created the world’s largest open dataset of atomistic polymer chemistry

LLNL, Meta co-develop groundbreaking polymer-chemistry dataset for training AI models

Polymers are fundamental to our daily lives, serving as the core components for a wide array of goods, including clothing, packaging, transportation infrastructure, construction materials and electronics. Advances in polymer science open pathways for recycling and upcycling waste materials into more valuable chemical feedstocks. They also can have an outsized environmental…

A man standing behind a truck with the Super Bowl LX venue behind him

Keeping the public safe at the big game: LLNL’s RAP team deploys to Santa Clara, California

As thousands of fans streamed toward Levi’s Stadium for the Super Bowl between the Seattle Seahawks and New England Patriots, vendors hawked memorabilia, the scent of garlic fries filled the air and security officers checked clear bags beneath white tents. Somewhere in that crowd, walking the same sidewalks and concourses, were a handful of team members carrying gear…

Schematic showing the setup for ion transport through a MXene membrane. Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) discovered that applying an electric field to the gate can change the efficiency of the molecular transport through the membrane

Transistor-like membranes enhance ion separation

By applying voltage to electrically control a new “transistor” membrane, researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) achieved real-time tuning of ion separations — a capability previously thought impossible. The recent work, which could make precision separation processes like water treatment, drug delivery and rare earth element extraction more efficient,…

Overview of the key processes that are fundamental for understanding single-crystal battery materials.

Advanced simulation and modeling pave a path forward for single-crystal battery materials

The performance of rechargeable batteries is governed by processes deep within their components. A fundamental understanding of electrochemistry, structure–property–performance relationships and the effects of processing and operating conditions is essential for accelerating the development of next-generation battery technologies capable of powering electric vehicles,…

LLNL researchers have successfully synthesized a californium compound using polyoxometalates — large, cage-like clusters made primarily of metal and oxygen atoms. Their research was featured on a journal cover for Chemical Communications.

Americium, curium and californium — oh my! Crystallizing the rarest elements at LLNL

Actinides are a group of heavy, radioactive elements that include uranium, plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium and californium. Understanding how these elements bond with other atoms (known as coordination chemistry), how they behave in water and how they can be separated from one another is crucial for safer nuclear waste management, new reactor technologies and…

LLNL scientist Gianpaolo Carosi (right) discusses the inner workings of the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment. Expertise in this cavity technology (shown here plated in copper) is enhancing current efforts in quantum computing.

Finding resonance: How LLNL expertise is amplifying collaboration in quantum computing

In November, the Department of Energy Office of Science renewed the Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center (SQMS), hosted by Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, with $125 million over the next five years to accelerate breakthroughs in quantum information science. The investment continues to unite more than 300 experts from 43 partner institutions across…

Cerium, thorium, and zirconium Keggin complexes form parallel arrangements (blue), whereas plutonium complexes organize themselves in a perpendicular fashion (pink)

LLNL researchers discover new way to ‘cage’ plutonium

Plutonium (Pu) exhibits one of the most diverse and complex chemistries of any element in the periodic table. Since its discovery in 1940, scientists have synthesized and studied many different types of plutonium-containing compounds using tools that reveal both their atomic structures and how they interact with light. Not only does plutonium have numerous alloys and…

LLNL scientists Colin Ponce and Carolyn Fisher initiated and led a cross-disciplinary team that developed a machine learning model to distinguish opioids from other chemicals.

Fentanyl or phony? Machine-learning algorithm learns to pick out opioid signatures

New forms of fentanyl are created every day. For law enforcement, that poses a challenge: how do you identify a chemical you’ve never seen before? Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) aim to answer that question with a machine-learning model that can distinguish opioids from other chemicals with an accuracy over 95% in a laboratory setting. The…

By adding a lid-like structure to a carbon nanotube, LLNL researchers mimicked how biological channels open and close to allow ion transport.

Nanotubes with lids mimic real biology

When water and ions move together through channels only a nanometer wide, they behave in unusual ways. In these tight spaces, water molecules line up in single file. This forces ions to shed some of the water molecules that normally surround them, leading to the unique physics of ion transport. Biological channels are especially adept at this behavior, often choreographing…

A technique called crystallinity regulation in additive fabrication of thermoplastics (CRAFT) that enables microscopic control over how plastic molecules arrange themselves as an object is printed.

Light-based 3D printing lets scientists program plastic properties at the microscale

Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have co-developed a new way to precisely control the internal structure of common plastics during 3D printing, allowing a single printed object to seamlessly shift from rigid to flexible using only light. In a paper published today in Science, the researchers describe a technique called crystallinity regulation…

On Thursday Jan. 15, LLNL’s Global Security Directorate hosted an Energy Scale-up Brainstorming Day.

LLNL’s energy scale-up brainstorming event focused on accelerating pilot-ready technologies

Solving tomorrow’s challenges in energy security requires scientists to develop new pathways to streamline innovation. To help achieve this goal, the Global Security Directorate at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) recently hosted an “Energy Scale-up Brainstorming Day.” More than 60 researchers across a broad range of expertise gathered to engage in interactive…

Researchers identified a pathway for a carbon monoxide and oxygen mixture to form a polymer that retains its stability even after it decompresses

From fleeting to stable: scientists uncover recipe for new carbon dioxide-based energetic materials

When materials are compressed, their atoms are forced into unusual arrangements that do not normally exist under everyday conditions. These configurations are often fleeting: when the pressure is released, the atoms typically relax back to a stable low-pressure state. Only a few very specific materials, like diamond, retain their high-pressure structure after returning to…

Researchers combined tiny, atom-scale simulations with hydrodynamics code that describes the macroscopic world

New code connects microscopic insights to the macroscopic world

In inertial confinement fusion, a capsule of fuel begins at temperatures near zero and pressures close to vacuum. When lasers compress that fuel to trigger fusion, the material heats up to millions of degrees and reaches pressures similar to the core of the sun. That process happens within a miniscule amount of space and time. To understand this process, scientists need to…

Artist rendering of LLNL's new additively manufactured high-entropy alloys.

Next-generation materials for additive manufacturing

Next-generation technology requires next-generation materials that can be tailored to exact mission requirements. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, has already revolutionized industries like aerospace engineering by enabling previously unthinkable component designs. However, this technique has been largely limited to pre-existing metallic alloys. This is due to the…

Breakthrough two-photon lithography platform uses large arrays of metalenses to split a femtosecond laser into more than 120,000 coordinated focal spots

LLNL researchers break speed and scale barriers in 3D nanofabrication with new meta-optics platform

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) engineers and scientists, in collaboration with Stanford University, have demonstrated a breakthrough 3D nanofabrication approach that transforms two-photon lithography (TPL) from a slow, lab-scale technique into a wafer-scale manufacturing tool without sacrificing submicron precision. Published today in Nature, the team’s TPL…

Scanning electron microscope image of 3D-printed helical arrays

3D-printed helixes show promise as THz optical materials

Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have optimized and 3D-printed helix structures as optical materials for Terahertz (THz) frequencies, a potential way to address a technology gap for next-generation telecommunications, non-destructive evaluation, chemical/biological sensing and more. The printed microscale helixes reliably create circularly…