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Physical and Life Sciences
When lightning strikes: Models of multi-ignition wildfires could predict catastrophic events
Multi-ignition wildfires are not overly common. But when individual fires do converge, the consequences can be catastrophic. The largest fire on record in California, the 2020 August Complex fire, grew from the coalescence of 10 separate ignitions. In a new study, published in Science Advances, researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), the University of…
What is dark matter? Explore the possibilities in the Big Ideas Lab podcast
Galaxies spin faster than they should. Clusters of those galaxies hold themselves intact against all expectations. By every visible measure, the universe should not look the way it does. Something is holding galaxies, stars and entire clusters together. Something we can’t see. And although it’s invisible to the naked eye, there are clues everywhere that allude to its…
Pandora mission demonstrates new model for low-cost, high-impact science
On Monday, Jan. 12, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), in partnership with NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and Blue Canyon Technologies, announced the successful launch of the Pandora satellite into Earth’s orbit, initiating a yearlong mission to advance atmospheric characterization of planets beyond our solar system, also known as exoplanets. Pandora…
Meet the strangest particle in physics in the latest episode of the Big Ideas Lab podcast
There are particles in our universe so unique and so strange that they can shift form mid-flight. They’re as old as time, coming from the beginning of the universe, stars, nuclear reactions and the earth. And they’re everywhere — even passing through you at this very second: neutrinos. Studying these mysterious particles may unlock answers to some of humanity’s most…
Measuring nuclear reactions found inside stars
Radiochemistry experts at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) recently made the first experimental measurements of nuclear reactions in high-energy-density plasma environments, which are similar to conditions found in stars, as well as thermonuclear explosions. According to John Despotopulos, an LLNL radiochemist who leads the research team, the ability to…
Next-generation light sensors for neutrino detection
Detecting neutrinos and other elusive subatomic particles often relies on capturing tiny flashes of light produced when these particles interact with specialized detection media. In water-based scintillators, there is a competition between Cherenkov light (which is faint but directional and prompt) and scintillation light (which is strong but uniformly emitted and delayed)…
Superconducting circuits: How LLNL is building on Nobel Prize-winning quantum technology
This fall, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Clarke, Michel Devoret and John Martinis “for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantization in an electric circuit.” At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), these award-winning discoveries underpin two fronts of ongoing innovation: fundamental research in quantum…
LLNL researchers break speed and scale barriers in 3D nanofabrication with new meta-optics platform
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) engineers and scientists, in collaboration with Stanford University, have demonstrated a breakthrough 3D nanofabrication approach that transforms two-photon lithography (TPL) from a slow, lab-scale technique into a wafer-scale manufacturing tool without sacrificing submicron precision. Published today in Nature, the team’s TPL…
Precision and partnership: JASPER surpasses 200 experimental shots
The Joint Actinide Shock Physics Experimental Research (JASPER) facility recently surpassed 200 full-containment experimental shots, marking more than two decades of precision operations, scientific advancement and collaboration in support of the National Nuclear Security Administration’s (NNSA) stockpile modernization programs. Since its first actinide experiment in 2003,…
3D-printed helixes show promise as THz optical materials
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have optimized and 3D-printed helix structures as optical materials for Terahertz (THz) frequencies, a potential way to address a technology gap for next-generation telecommunications, non-destructive evaluation, chemical/biological sensing and more. The printed microscale helixes reliably create circularly…
Satellite pierces through space to discover unexpected winds and sloshing intergalactic gas
The X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM), a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and NASA collaboration with European Space Agency (ESA) participation, was built to study the most extreme environments in the cosmos. From space, the satellite collects X-rays to probe the universe’s hottest regions, largest structures and strongest gravity wells. In four…
LLNL’s Rebecca Toomey recognized with Division of Nuclear Physics’ Distinguished Service Award
Rebecca Toomey, a postdoctoral research scientist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), has been recognized with the American Physical Society (APS) Division of Nuclear Physics’ (DNP) Distinguished Service Award. The honor is intended to recognize those who have made substantial and extensive contributions to the nuclear physics community through the activities…
LZ dark matter experiment sets a world’s best and spots neutrinos from the sun’s core
There’s more to the universe than meets the eye. Dark matter, the invisible substance that accounts for 85 percent of the mass in the universe, is hiding all around us — and figuring out exactly what it is remains one of the biggest questions about how our world works. The newest results from LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) extend the experiment’s search for low-mass dark matter and set…
LLNL and Energy I-Corps take science from big ideas to big market impact
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) pursues big ideas to solve the most important security challenges facing the U.S. and the world. In that pursuit, scientific breakthroughs with market potential are discovered, protected and licensed to (or collaborated on) with industry partners through a process called technology transfer. LLNL’s Innovation and Partnerships…
Undergraduate interns explore nuclear physics research at LLNL
Scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) recently helped launch a new internship program aimed at connecting with undergraduate students at two nearby California State University (CSU) campuses and inspiring them to consider a science-focused research career. The new program, which started in early 2025, involves multiple staff and postdocs from the Lab…
Energy-efficient process delivers rare-earth element for magnets
Neodymium is a rare-earth element essential for producing the strongest permanent magnets, which are widespread in defense technologies, hard drives, medical imaging devices, electric vehicle motors, wind turbines and more. Despite its designation in the U.S. as a critical material, neodymium is primarily mined and refined overseas. China controls much of the supply chain,…
Big Ideas Lab podcast traces the flow of energy in the U.S.
Inside a sixth-grade classroom, a teacher dims the lights and directs the student's attention to a projector. On the screen appears a brightly colored chart featuring thick, twisting bars extending from left to right. Some are as wide as rivers; others as narrow as threads. The diagrams look almost like a subway map for America’s energy. At the left, the lines “depart”…
Turning wastewater into valuable fertilizer
Almost half of the planet’s population depends on synthetic fertilizers to grow the food they eat. But that fertilizer comes at a cost — about two percent of the world’s energy budget. Improving efficiency and cutting costs of producing fertilizer would have big, global impacts. To that end, researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) are developing a…
LLNL conducts milestone nuclear survivability experiment at NIF, moving weapons modernization forward
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has conducted an experiment at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to assess the ability of U.S. nuclear weapons to survive encounters with adversary missile defenses and reach their targets. This experiment demonstrated a new capability to analyze nuclear materials under extreme conditions, advancing stockpile modernization…
From inception to ignition and beyond: Suhas Bhandarkar’s target fabrication career
Tiny parts and absolute meticulousness define Suhas Bhandarkar’s award-winning 20-year career at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). As group leader for Target Fabrication Science and Technology (S&T), he leads a team that helps transform LLNL’s physicists’ bold ideas into reality at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Bhandarkar’s path began with a B.S…
